曾与蒿藜同雨露,한때 잡초와 쑥과 함께 비와 이슬을 나누던 곳이 이제는 소나무와 삼나무와 함께 서리와 눈을 견뎌내고 있다.终随松柏到冰霜.かつては雑草やヨモギと共に雨や露を分かち合っていたが、今では松やヒノキと共に霜や雪に耐えている。曾与蒿藜同雨露,Once sharing rain and dew with weeds and wormwood, now enduring frost and snow with pines and cypresses.终随松柏到冰霜.曾与蒿藜同雨露한때 잡초와 쑥과 함께 비와 이슬을 나누던 곳이 이제는 소나무와 삼나무와 함께 서리와 눈을 견뎌내고 있다.,终随松柏到冰霜.譖セ荳手珍阯懷酔髮ィ髴イ�檎サ磯囂譚セ譟丞芦蜀ー髴�曾与蒿藜同雨露,鏇句笌钂胯棞鍚岄洦闇诧紝缁堥殢鏉炬煆鍒板啺闇�终随松柏到冰霜.曾与蒿藜同雨露,한때 잡초와 쑥과 함께 비와 이슬을 나누던 곳이 이제는 소나무와 삼나무와 함께 서리와 눈을 견뎌내고 있다.终随松柏到冰霜.曾与蒿藜同雨露,终随松柏到冰霜.
# Python test set -- built-in functions
import test.test_support, unittest
import sys
import pickle
import itertools
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", "integer argument expected",
DeprecationWarning, "unittest")
# pure Python implementations (3 args only), for comparison
def pyrange(start, stop, step):
if (start - stop) // step < 0:
# replace stop with next element in the sequence of integers
# that are congruent to start modulo step.
stop += (start - stop) % step
while start != stop:
yield start
start += step
def pyrange_reversed(start, stop, step):
stop += (start - stop) % step
return pyrange(stop - step, start - step, -step)
class XrangeTest(unittest.TestCase):
def assert_iterators_equal(self, xs, ys, test_id, limit=None):
# check that an iterator xs matches the expected results ys,
# up to a given limit.
if limit is not None:
xs = itertools.islice(xs, limit)
ys = itertools.islice(ys, limit)
sentinel = object()
pairs = itertools.izip_longest(xs, ys, fillvalue=sentinel)
for i, (x, y) in enumerate(pairs):
if x == y:
continue
elif x == sentinel:
self.fail('{}: iterator ended unexpectedly '
'at position {}; expected {}'.format(test_id, i, y))
elif y == sentinel:
self.fail('{}: unexpected excess element {} at '
'position {}'.format(test_id, x, i))
else:
self.fail('{}: wrong element at position {};'
'expected {}, got {}'.format(test_id, i, y, x))
def assert_xranges_equivalent(self, x, y):
# Check that two xrange objects are equivalent, in the sense of the
# associated sequences being the same. We want to use this for large
# xrange objects, so instead of converting to lists and comparing
# directly we do a number of indirect checks.
if len(x) != len(y):
self.fail('{} and {} have different '
'lengths: {} and {} '.format(x, y, len(x), len(y)))
if len(x) >= 1:
if x[0] != y[0]:
self.fail('{} and {} have different initial '
'elements: {} and {} '.format(x, y, x[0], y[0]))
if x[-1] != y[-1]:
self.fail('{} and {} have different final '
'elements: {} and {} '.format(x, y, x[-1], y[-1]))
if len(x) >= 2:
x_step = x[1] - x[0]
y_step = y[1] - y[0]
if x_step != y_step:
self.fail('{} and {} have different step: '
'{} and {} '.format(x, y, x_step, y_step))
def test_xrange(self):
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(3)), [0, 1, 2])
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(1, 5)), [1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(0)), [])
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(-3)), [])
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(1, 10, 3)), [1, 4, 7])
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(5, -5, -3)), [5, 2, -1, -4])
a = 10
b = 100
c = 50
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(a, a+2)), [a, a+1])
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(a+2, a, -1L)), [a+2, a+1])
self.assertEqual(list(xrange(a+4, a, -2)), [a+4, a+2])
seq = list(xrange(a, b, c))
self.assertIn(a, seq)
self.assertNotIn(b, seq)
self.assertEqual(len(seq), 2)
seq = list(xrange(b, a, -c))
self.assertIn(b, seq)
self.assertNotIn(a, seq)
self.assertEqual(len(seq), 2)
seq = list(xrange(-a, -b, -c))
self.assertIn(-a, seq)
self.assertNotIn(-b, seq)
self.assertEqual(len(seq), 2)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, xrange)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, xrange, 1, 2, 3, 4)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, xrange, 1, 2, 0)
self.assertRaises(OverflowError, xrange, 10**100, 10**101, 10**101)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, xrange, 0, "spam")
self.assertRaises(TypeError, xrange, 0, 42, "spam")
self.assertEqual(len(xrange(0, sys.maxint, sys.maxint-1)), 2)
self.assertRaises(OverflowError, xrange, -sys.maxint, sys.maxint)
self.assertRaises(OverflowError, xrange, 0, 2*sys.maxint)
r = xrange(-sys.maxint, sys.maxint, 2)
self.assertEqual(len(r), sys.maxint)
self.assertRaises(OverflowError, xrange, -sys.maxint-1, sys.maxint, 2)
def test_pickling(self):
testcases = [(13,), (0, 11), (-22, 10), (20, 3, -1),
(13, 21, 3), (-2, 2, 2)]
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
for t in testcases:
r = xrange(*t)
self.assertEqual(list(pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(r, proto))),
list(r))
M = min(sys.maxint, sys.maxsize)
large_testcases = testcases + [
(0, M, 1),
(M, 0, -1),
(0, M, M - 1),
(M // 2, M, 1),
(0, -M, -1),
(0, -M, 1 - M),
(-M, M, 2),
(-M, M, 1024),
(-M, M, 10585),
(M, -M, -2),
(M, -M, -1024),
(M, -M, -10585),
]
for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
for t in large_testcases:
r = xrange(*t)
r_out = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(r, proto))
self.assert_xranges_equivalent(r_out, r)
def test_repr(self):
# Check that repr of an xrange is a valid representation
# of that xrange.
# Valid xranges have at most min(sys.maxint, sys.maxsize) elements.
M = min(sys.maxint, sys.maxsize)
testcases = [
(13,),
(0, 11),
(-22, 10),
(20, 3, -1),
(13, 21, 3),
(-2, 2, 2),
(0, M, 1),
(M, 0, -1),
(0, M, M - 1),
(M // 2, M, 1),
(0, -M, -1),
(0, -M, 1 - M),
(-M, M, 2),
(-M, M, 1024),
(-M, M, 10585),
(M, -M, -2),
(M, -M, -1024),
(M, -M, -10585),
]
for t in testcases:
r = xrange(*t)
r_out = eval(repr(r))
self.assert_xranges_equivalent(r, r_out)
def test_range_iterators(self):
# see issue 7298
limits = [base + jiggle
for M in (2**32, 2**64)
for base in (-M, -M//2, 0, M//2, M)
for jiggle in (-2, -1, 0, 1, 2)]
test_ranges = [(start, end, step)
for start in limits
for end in limits
for step in (-2**63, -2**31, -2, -1, 1, 2)]
for start, end, step in test_ranges:
try:
iter1 = xrange(start, end, step)
except OverflowError:
pass
else:
iter2 = pyrange(start, end, step)
test_id = "xrange({}, {}, {})".format(start, end, step)
# check first 100 entries
self.assert_iterators_equal(iter1, iter2, test_id, limit=100)
try:
iter1 = reversed(xrange(start, end, step))
except OverflowError:
pass
else:
iter2 = pyrange_reversed(start, end, step)
test_id = "reversed(xrange({}, {}, {}))".format(start, end, step)
self.assert_iterators_equal(iter1, iter2, test_id, limit=100)
def test_main():
test.test_support.run_unittest(XrangeTest)
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_main()