曾与蒿藜同雨露,한때 잡초와 쑥과 함께 비와 이슬을 나누던 곳이 이제는 소나무와 삼나무와 함께 서리와 눈을 견뎌내고 있다.终随松柏到冰霜.かつては雑草やヨモギと共に雨や露を分かち合っていたが、今では松やヒノキと共に霜や雪に耐えている。曾与蒿藜同雨露,Once sharing rain and dew with weeds and wormwood, now enduring frost and snow with pines and cypresses.终随松柏到冰霜.曾与蒿藜同雨露한때 잡초와 쑥과 함께 비와 이슬을 나누던 곳이 이제는 소나무와 삼나무와 함께 서리와 눈을 견뎌내고 있다.,终随松柏到冰霜.譖セ荳手珍阯懷酔髮ィ髴イ�檎サ磯囂譚セ譟丞芦蜀ー髴�曾与蒿藜同雨露,鏇句笌钂胯棞鍚岄洦闇诧紝缁堥殢鏉炬煆鍒板啺闇�终随松柏到冰霜.曾与蒿藜同雨露,한때 잡초와 쑥과 함께 비와 이슬을 나누던 곳이 이제는 소나무와 삼나무와 함께 서리와 눈을 견뎌내고 있다.终随松柏到冰霜.曾与蒿藜同雨露,终随松柏到冰霜.
# Copyright 2007 Google, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.
"""Unit tests for abc.py."""
import unittest
from test import support
import abc
from inspect import isabstract
class TestLegacyAPI(unittest.TestCase):
def test_abstractproperty_basics(self):
@abc.abstractproperty
def foo(self): pass
self.assertTrue(foo.__isabstractmethod__)
def bar(self): pass
self.assertFalse(hasattr(bar, "__isabstractmethod__"))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@abc.abstractproperty
def foo(self): return 3
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@property
def foo(self): return super().foo
self.assertEqual(D().foo, 3)
self.assertFalse(getattr(D.foo, "__isabstractmethod__", False))
def test_abstractclassmethod_basics(self):
@abc.abstractclassmethod
def foo(cls): pass
self.assertTrue(foo.__isabstractmethod__)
@classmethod
def bar(cls): pass
self.assertFalse(getattr(bar, "__isabstractmethod__", False))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@abc.abstractclassmethod
def foo(cls): return cls.__name__
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@classmethod
def foo(cls): return super().foo()
self.assertEqual(D.foo(), 'D')
self.assertEqual(D().foo(), 'D')
def test_abstractstaticmethod_basics(self):
@abc.abstractstaticmethod
def foo(): pass
self.assertTrue(foo.__isabstractmethod__)
@staticmethod
def bar(): pass
self.assertFalse(getattr(bar, "__isabstractmethod__", False))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@abc.abstractstaticmethod
def foo(): return 3
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@staticmethod
def foo(): return 4
self.assertEqual(D.foo(), 4)
self.assertEqual(D().foo(), 4)
class TestABC(unittest.TestCase):
def test_ABC_helper(self):
# create an ABC using the helper class and perform basic checks
class C(abc.ABC):
@classmethod
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(cls): return cls.__name__
self.assertEqual(type(C), abc.ABCMeta)
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@classmethod
def foo(cls): return super().foo()
self.assertEqual(D.foo(), 'D')
def test_abstractmethod_basics(self):
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(self): pass
self.assertTrue(foo.__isabstractmethod__)
def bar(self): pass
self.assertFalse(hasattr(bar, "__isabstractmethod__"))
def test_abstractproperty_basics(self):
@property
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(self): pass
self.assertTrue(foo.__isabstractmethod__)
def bar(self): pass
self.assertFalse(getattr(bar, "__isabstractmethod__", False))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@property
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(self): return 3
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@C.foo.getter
def foo(self): return super().foo
self.assertEqual(D().foo, 3)
def test_abstractclassmethod_basics(self):
@classmethod
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(cls): pass
self.assertTrue(foo.__isabstractmethod__)
@classmethod
def bar(cls): pass
self.assertFalse(getattr(bar, "__isabstractmethod__", False))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@classmethod
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(cls): return cls.__name__
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@classmethod
def foo(cls): return super().foo()
self.assertEqual(D.foo(), 'D')
self.assertEqual(D().foo(), 'D')
def test_abstractstaticmethod_basics(self):
@staticmethod
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(): pass
self.assertTrue(foo.__isabstractmethod__)
@staticmethod
def bar(): pass
self.assertFalse(getattr(bar, "__isabstractmethod__", False))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@staticmethod
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(): return 3
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@staticmethod
def foo(): return 4
self.assertEqual(D.foo(), 4)
self.assertEqual(D().foo(), 4)
def test_abstractmethod_integration(self):
for abstractthing in [abc.abstractmethod, abc.abstractproperty,
abc.abstractclassmethod,
abc.abstractstaticmethod]:
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@abstractthing
def foo(self): pass # abstract
def bar(self): pass # concrete
self.assertEqual(C.__abstractmethods__, {"foo"})
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C) # because foo is abstract
self.assertTrue(isabstract(C))
class D(C):
def bar(self): pass # concrete override of concrete
self.assertEqual(D.__abstractmethods__, {"foo"})
self.assertRaises(TypeError, D) # because foo is still abstract
self.assertTrue(isabstract(D))
class E(D):
def foo(self): pass
self.assertEqual(E.__abstractmethods__, set())
E() # now foo is concrete, too
self.assertFalse(isabstract(E))
class F(E):
@abstractthing
def bar(self): pass # abstract override of concrete
self.assertEqual(F.__abstractmethods__, {"bar"})
self.assertRaises(TypeError, F) # because bar is abstract now
self.assertTrue(isabstract(F))
def test_descriptors_with_abstractmethod(self):
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@property
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(self): return 3
@foo.setter
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(self, val): pass
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@C.foo.getter
def foo(self): return super().foo
self.assertRaises(TypeError, D)
class E(D):
@D.foo.setter
def foo(self, val): pass
self.assertEqual(E().foo, 3)
# check that the property's __isabstractmethod__ descriptor does the
# right thing when presented with a value that fails truth testing:
class NotBool(object):
def __bool__(self):
raise ValueError()
__len__ = __bool__
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
class F(C):
def bar(self):
pass
bar.__isabstractmethod__ = NotBool()
foo = property(bar)
def test_customdescriptors_with_abstractmethod(self):
class Descriptor:
def __init__(self, fget, fset=None):
self._fget = fget
self._fset = fset
def getter(self, callable):
return Descriptor(callable, self._fget)
def setter(self, callable):
return Descriptor(self._fget, callable)
@property
def __isabstractmethod__(self):
return (getattr(self._fget, '__isabstractmethod__', False)
or getattr(self._fset, '__isabstractmethod__', False))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@Descriptor
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(self): return 3
@foo.setter
@abc.abstractmethod
def foo(self, val): pass
self.assertRaises(TypeError, C)
class D(C):
@C.foo.getter
def foo(self): return super().foo
self.assertRaises(TypeError, D)
class E(D):
@D.foo.setter
def foo(self, val): pass
self.assertFalse(E.foo.__isabstractmethod__)
def test_metaclass_abc(self):
# Metaclasses can be ABCs, too.
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
@abc.abstractmethod
def x(self):
pass
self.assertEqual(A.__abstractmethods__, {"x"})
class meta(type, A):
def x(self):
return 1
class C(metaclass=meta):
pass
def test_registration_basics(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
class B(object):
pass
b = B()
self.assertFalse(issubclass(B, A))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(B, (A,)))
self.assertNotIsInstance(b, A)
self.assertNotIsInstance(b, (A,))
B1 = A.register(B)
self.assertTrue(issubclass(B, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(B, (A,)))
self.assertIsInstance(b, A)
self.assertIsInstance(b, (A,))
self.assertIs(B1, B)
class C(B):
pass
c = C()
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, (A,)))
self.assertIsInstance(c, A)
self.assertIsInstance(c, (A,))
def test_register_as_class_deco(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
@A.register
class B(object):
pass
b = B()
self.assertTrue(issubclass(B, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(B, (A,)))
self.assertIsInstance(b, A)
self.assertIsInstance(b, (A,))
@A.register
class C(B):
pass
c = C()
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, (A,)))
self.assertIsInstance(c, A)
self.assertIsInstance(c, (A,))
self.assertIs(C, A.register(C))
def test_isinstance_invalidation(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
class B:
pass
b = B()
self.assertFalse(isinstance(b, A))
self.assertFalse(isinstance(b, (A,)))
token_old = abc.get_cache_token()
A.register(B)
token_new = abc.get_cache_token()
self.assertNotEqual(token_old, token_new)
self.assertTrue(isinstance(b, A))
self.assertTrue(isinstance(b, (A,)))
def test_registration_builtins(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
A.register(int)
self.assertIsInstance(42, A)
self.assertIsInstance(42, (A,))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(int, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(int, (A,)))
class B(A):
pass
B.register(str)
class C(str): pass
self.assertIsInstance("", A)
self.assertIsInstance("", (A,))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(str, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(str, (A,)))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, (A,)))
def test_registration_edge_cases(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
A.register(A) # should pass silently
class A1(A):
pass
self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, A1.register, A) # cycles not allowed
class B(object):
pass
A1.register(B) # ok
A1.register(B) # should pass silently
class C(A):
pass
A.register(C) # should pass silently
self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, C.register, A) # cycles not allowed
C.register(B) # ok
def test_register_non_class(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Can only register classes",
A.register, 4)
def test_registration_transitiveness(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
self.assertTrue(issubclass(A, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(A, (A,)))
class B(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
self.assertFalse(issubclass(A, B))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(A, (B,)))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(B, A))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(B, (A,)))
class C(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
A.register(B)
class B1(B):
pass
self.assertTrue(issubclass(B1, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(B1, (A,)))
class C1(C):
pass
B1.register(C1)
self.assertFalse(issubclass(C, B))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(C, (B,)))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(C, B1))
self.assertFalse(issubclass(C, (B1,)))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C1, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C1, (A,)))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C1, B))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C1, (B,)))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C1, B1))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(C1, (B1,)))
C1.register(int)
class MyInt(int):
pass
self.assertTrue(issubclass(MyInt, A))
self.assertTrue(issubclass(MyInt, (A,)))
self.assertIsInstance(42, A)
self.assertIsInstance(42, (A,))
def test_all_new_methods_are_called(self):
class A(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
pass
class B(object):
counter = 0
def __new__(cls):
B.counter += 1
return super().__new__(cls)
class C(A, B):
pass
self.assertEqual(B.counter, 0)
C()
self.assertEqual(B.counter, 1)
class TestABCWithInitSubclass(unittest.TestCase):
def test_works_with_init_subclass(self):
saved_kwargs = {}
class ReceivesClassKwargs:
def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
super().__init_subclass__()
saved_kwargs.update(kwargs)
class Receiver(ReceivesClassKwargs, abc.ABC, x=1, y=2, z=3):
pass
self.assertEqual(saved_kwargs, dict(x=1, y=2, z=3))
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()