import unittest
from test import test_support
import os
import socket
import StringIO
import urllib2
from urllib2 import Request, OpenerDirector
import httplib
try:
import ssl
except ImportError:
ssl = None
from test.test_urllib import FakeHTTPMixin
# XXX
# Request
# CacheFTPHandler (hard to write)
# parse_keqv_list, parse_http_list, HTTPDigestAuthHandler
class TrivialTests(unittest.TestCase):
def test_trivial(self):
# A couple trivial tests
self.assertRaises(ValueError, urllib2.urlopen, 'bogus url')
# XXX Name hacking to get this to work on Windows.
fname = os.path.abspath(urllib2.__file__).replace('\\', '/')
# And more hacking to get it to work on MacOS. This assumes
# urllib.pathname2url works, unfortunately...
if os.name == 'riscos':
import string
fname = os.expand(fname)
fname = fname.translate(string.maketrans("/.", "./"))
if os.name == 'nt':
file_url = "file:///%s" % fname
else:
file_url = "file://%s" % fname
f = urllib2.urlopen(file_url)
buf = f.read()
f.close()
def test_parse_http_list(self):
tests = [('a,b,c', ['a', 'b', 'c']),
('path"o,l"og"i"cal, example', ['path"o,l"og"i"cal', 'example']),
('a, b, "c", "d", "e,f", g, h', ['a', 'b', '"c"', '"d"', '"e,f"', 'g', 'h']),
('a="b\\"c", d="e\\,f", g="h\\\\i"', ['a="b"c"', 'd="e,f"', 'g="h\\i"'])]
for string, list in tests:
self.assertEqual(urllib2.parse_http_list(string), list)
@unittest.skipUnless(ssl, "ssl module required")
def test_cafile_and_context(self):
context = ssl.create_default_context()
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
urllib2.urlopen(
"https://localhost", cafile="/nonexistent/path", context=context
)
def test_request_headers_dict():
"""
The Request.headers dictionary is not a documented interface. It should
stay that way, because the complete set of headers are only accessible
through the .get_header(), .has_header(), .header_items() interface.
However, .headers pre-dates those methods, and so real code will be using
the dictionary.
The introduction in 2.4 of those methods was a mistake for the same reason:
code that previously saw all (urllib2 user)-provided headers in .headers
now sees only a subset (and the function interface is ugly and incomplete).
A better change would have been to replace .headers dict with a dict
subclass (or UserDict.DictMixin instance?) that preserved the .headers
interface and also provided access to the "unredirected" headers. It's
probably too late to fix that, though.
Check .capitalize() case normalization:
>>> url = "http://example.com"
>>> Request(url, headers={"Spam-eggs": "blah"}).headers["Spam-eggs"]
'blah'
>>> Request(url, headers={"spam-EggS": "blah"}).headers["Spam-eggs"]
'blah'
Currently, Request(url, "Spam-eggs").headers["Spam-Eggs"] raises KeyError,
but that could be changed in future.
"""
def test_request_headers_methods():
"""
Note the case normalization of header names here, to .capitalize()-case.
This should be preserved for backwards-compatibility. (In the HTTP case,
normalization to .title()-case is done by urllib2 before sending headers to
httplib).
>>> url = "http://example.com"
>>> r = Request(url, headers={"Spam-eggs": "blah"})
>>> r.has_header("Spam-eggs")
True
>>> r.header_items()
[('Spam-eggs', 'blah')]
>>> r.add_header("Foo-Bar", "baz")
>>> items = r.header_items()
>>> items.sort()
>>> items
[('Foo-bar', 'baz'), ('Spam-eggs', 'blah')]
Note that e.g. r.has_header("spam-EggS") is currently False, and
r.get_header("spam-EggS") returns None, but that could be changed in
future.
>>> r.has_header("Not-there")
False
>>> print r.get_header("Not-there")
None
>>> r.get_header("Not-there", "default")
'default'
"""
def test_password_manager(self):
"""
>>> mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgr()
>>> add = mgr.add_password
>>> add("Some Realm", "http://example.com/", "joe", "password")
>>> add("Some Realm", "http://example.com/ni", "ni", "ni")
>>> add("c", "http://example.com/foo", "foo", "ni")
>>> add("c", "http://example.com/bar", "bar", "nini")
>>> add("b", "http://example.com/", "first", "blah")
>>> add("b", "http://example.com/", "second", "spam")
>>> add("a", "http://example.com", "1", "a")
>>> add("Some Realm", "http://c.example.com:3128", "3", "c")
>>> add("Some Realm", "d.example.com", "4", "d")
>>> add("Some Realm", "e.example.com:3128", "5", "e")
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "example.com")
('joe', 'password')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com")
('joe', 'password')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/")
('joe', 'password')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/spam")
('joe', 'password')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/spam/spam")
('joe', 'password')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("c", "http://example.com/foo")
('foo', 'ni')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("c", "http://example.com/bar")
('bar', 'nini')
Actually, this is really undefined ATM
## Currently, we use the highest-level path where more than one match:
## >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/ni")
## ('joe', 'password')
Use latest add_password() in case of conflict:
>>> mgr.find_user_password("b", "http://example.com/")
('second', 'spam')
No special relationship between a.example.com and example.com:
>>> mgr.find_user_password("a", "http://example.com/")
('1', 'a')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("a", "http://a.example.com/")
(None, None)
Ports:
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "c.example.com")
(None, None)
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "c.example.com:3128")
('3', 'c')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://c.example.com:3128")
('3', 'c')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "d.example.com")
('4', 'd')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "e.example.com:3128")
('5', 'e')
"""
pass
def test_password_manager_default_port(self):
"""
>>> mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgr()
>>> add = mgr.add_password
The point to note here is that we can't guess the default port if there's
no scheme. This applies to both add_password and find_user_password.
>>> add("f", "http://g.example.com:80", "10", "j")
>>> add("g", "http://h.example.com", "11", "k")
>>> add("h", "i.example.com:80", "12", "l")
>>> add("i", "j.example.com", "13", "m")
>>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "g.example.com:100")
(None, None)
>>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "g.example.com:80")
('10', 'j')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "g.example.com")
(None, None)
>>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "http://g.example.com:100")
(None, None)
>>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "http://g.example.com:80")
('10', 'j')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "http://g.example.com")
('10', 'j')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("g", "h.example.com")
('11', 'k')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("g", "h.example.com:80")
('11', 'k')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("g", "http://h.example.com:80")
('11', 'k')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("h", "i.example.com")
(None, None)
>>> mgr.find_user_password("h", "i.example.com:80")
('12', 'l')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("h", "http://i.example.com:80")
('12', 'l')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "j.example.com")
('13', 'm')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "j.example.com:80")
(None, None)
>>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "http://j.example.com")
('13', 'm')
>>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "http://j.example.com:80")
(None, None)
"""
class MockOpener:
addheaders = []
def open(self, req, data=None,timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
self.req, self.data, self.timeout = req, data, timeout
def error(self, proto, *args):
self.proto, self.args = proto, args
class MockFile:
def read(self, count=None): pass
def readline(self, count=None): pass
def close(self): pass
class MockHeaders(dict):
def getheaders(self, name):
return self.values()
class MockResponse(StringIO.StringIO):
def __init__(self, code, msg, headers, data, url=None):
StringIO.StringIO.__init__(self, data)
self.code, self.msg, self.headers, self.url = code, msg, headers, url
def info(self):
return self.headers
def geturl(self):
return self.url
class MockCookieJar:
def add_cookie_header(self, request):
self.ach_req = request
def extract_cookies(self, response, request):
self.ec_req, self.ec_r = request, response
class FakeMethod:
def __init__(self, meth_name, action, handle):
self.meth_name = meth_name
self.handle = handle
self.action = action
def __call__(self, *args):
return self.handle(self.meth_name, self.action, *args)
class MockHTTPResponse:
def __init__(self, fp, msg, status, reason):
self.fp = fp
self.msg = msg
self.status = status
self.reason = reason
def read(self):
return ''
class MockHTTPClass:
def __init__(self):
self.req_headers = []
self.data = None
self.raise_on_endheaders = False
self._tunnel_headers = {}
def __call__(self, host, timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
self.host = host
self.timeout = timeout
return self
def set_debuglevel(self, level):
self.level = level
def set_tunnel(self, host, port=None, headers=None):
self._tunnel_host = host
self._tunnel_port = port
if headers:
self._tunnel_headers = headers
else:
self._tunnel_headers.clear()
def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers=None):
self.method = method
self.selector = url
if headers is not None:
self.req_headers += headers.items()
self.req_headers.sort()
if body:
self.data = body
if self.raise_on_endheaders:
import socket
raise socket.error()
def getresponse(self):
return MockHTTPResponse(MockFile(), {}, 200, "OK")
def close(self):
pass
class MockHandler:
# useful for testing handler machinery
# see add_ordered_mock_handlers() docstring
handler_order = 500
def __init__(self, methods):
self._define_methods(methods)
def _define_methods(self, methods):
for spec in methods:
if len(spec) == 2: name, action = spec
else: name, action = spec, None
meth = FakeMethod(name, action, self.handle)
setattr(self.__class__, name, meth)
def handle(self, fn_name, action, *args, **kwds):
self.parent.calls.append((self, fn_name, args, kwds))
if action is None:
return None
elif action == "return self":
return self
elif action == "return response":
res = MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
return res
elif action == "return request":
return Request("http://blah/")
elif action.startswith("error"):
code = action[action.rfind(" ")+1:]
try:
code = int(code)
except ValueError:
pass
res = MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
return self.parent.error("http", args[0], res, code, "", {})
elif action == "raise":
raise urllib2.URLError("blah")
assert False
def close(self): pass
def add_parent(self, parent):
self.parent = parent
self.parent.calls = []
def __lt__(self, other):
if not hasattr(other, "handler_order"):
# No handler_order, leave in original order. Yuck.
return True
return self.handler_order < other.handler_order
def add_ordered_mock_handlers(opener, meth_spec):
"""Create MockHandlers and add them to an OpenerDirector.
meth_spec: list of lists of tuples and strings defining methods to define
on handlers. eg:
[["http_error", "ftp_open"], ["http_open"]]
defines methods .http_error() and .ftp_open() on one handler, and
.http_open() on another. These methods just record their arguments and
return None. Using a tuple instead of a string causes the method to
perform some action (see MockHandler.handle()), eg:
[["http_error"], [("http_open", "return request")]]
defines .http_error() on one handler (which simply returns None), and
.http_open() on another handler, which returns a Request object.
"""
handlers = []
count = 0
for meths in meth_spec:
class MockHandlerSubclass(MockHandler): pass
h = MockHandlerSubclass(meths)
h.handler_order += count
h.add_parent(opener)
count = count + 1
handlers.append(h)
opener.add_handler(h)
return handlers
def build_test_opener(*handler_instances):
opener = OpenerDirector()
for h in handler_instances:
opener.add_handler(h)
return opener
class MockHTTPHandler(urllib2.BaseHandler):
# useful for testing redirections and auth
# sends supplied headers and code as first response
# sends 200 OK as second response
def __init__(self, code, headers):
self.code = code
self.headers = headers
self.reset()
def reset(self):
self._count = 0
self.requests = []
def http_open(self, req):
import mimetools, httplib, copy
from StringIO import StringIO
self.requests.append(copy.deepcopy(req))
if self._count == 0:
self._count = self._count + 1
name = httplib.responses[self.code]
msg = mimetools.Message(StringIO(self.headers))
return self.parent.error(
"http", req, MockFile(), self.code, name, msg)
else:
self.req = req
msg = mimetools.Message(StringIO("\r\n\r\n"))
return MockResponse(200, "OK", msg, "", req.get_full_url())
class MockHTTPSHandler(urllib2.AbstractHTTPHandler):
# Useful for testing the Proxy-Authorization request by verifying the
# properties of httpcon
def __init__(self):
urllib2.AbstractHTTPHandler.__init__(self)
self.httpconn = MockHTTPClass()
def https_open(self, req):
return self.do_open(self.httpconn, req)
class MockPasswordManager:
def add_password(self, realm, uri, user, password):
self.realm = realm
self.url = uri
self.user = user
self.password = password
def find_user_password(self, realm, authuri):
self.target_realm = realm
self.target_url = authuri
return self.user, self.password
class OpenerDirectorTests(unittest.TestCase):
def test_add_non_handler(self):
class NonHandler(object):
pass
self.assertRaises(TypeError,
OpenerDirector().add_handler, NonHandler())
def test_badly_named_methods(self):
# test work-around for three methods that accidentally follow the
# naming conventions for handler methods
# (*_open() / *_request() / *_response())
# These used to call the accidentally-named methods, causing a
# TypeError in real code; here, returning self from these mock
# methods would either cause no exception, or AttributeError.
from urllib2 import URLError
o = OpenerDirector()
meth_spec = [
[("do_open", "return self"), ("proxy_open", "return self")],
[("redirect_request", "return self")],
]
handlers = add_ordered_mock_handlers(o, meth_spec)
o.add_handler(urllib2.UnknownHandler())
for scheme in "do", "proxy", "redirect":
self.assertRaises(URLError, o.open, scheme+"://example.com/")
def test_handled(self):
# handler returning non-None means no more handlers will be called
o = OpenerDirector()
meth_spec = [
["http_open", "ftp_open", "http_error_302"],
["ftp_open"],
[("http_open", "return self")],
[("http_open", "return self")],
]
handlers = add_ordered_mock_handlers(o, meth_spec)
req = Request("http://example.com/")
r = o.open(req)
# Second .http_open() gets called, third doesn't, since second returned
# non-None. Handlers without .http_open() never get any methods called
# on them.
# In fact, second mock handler defining .http_open() returns self
# (instead of response), which becomes the OpenerDirector's return
# value.
self.assertEqual(r, handlers[2])
calls = [(handlers[0], "http_open"), (handlers[2], "http_open")]
for expected, got in zip(calls, o.calls):
handler, name, args, kwds = got
self.assertEqual((handler, name), expected)
self.assertEqual(args, (req,))
def test_handler_order(self):
o = OpenerDirector()
handlers = []
for meths, handler_order in [
([("http_open", "return self")], 500),
(["http_open"], 0),
]:
class MockHandlerSubclass(MockHandler): pass
h = MockHandlerSubclass(meths)
h.handler_order = handler_order
handlers.append(h)
o.add_handler(h)
r = o.open("http://example.com/")
# handlers called in reverse order, thanks to their sort order
self.assertEqual(o.calls[0][0], handlers[1])
self.assertEqual(o.calls[1][0], handlers[0])
def test_raise(self):
# raising URLError stops processing of request
o = OpenerDirector()
meth_spec = [
[("http_open", "raise")],
[("http_open", "return self")],
]
handlers = add_ordered_mock_handlers(o, meth_spec)
req = Request("http://example.com/")
self.assertRaises(urllib2.URLError, o.open, req)
self.assertEqual(o.calls, [(handlers[0], "http_open", (req,), {})])
## def test_error(self):
## # XXX this doesn't actually seem to be used in standard library,
## # but should really be tested anyway...
def test_http_error(self):
# XXX http_error_default
# http errors are a special case
o = OpenerDirector()
meth_spec = [
[("http_open", "error 302")],
[("http_error_400", "raise"), "http_open"],
[("http_error_302", "return response"), "http_error_303",
"http_error"],
[("http_error_302")],
]
handlers = add_ordered_mock_handlers(o, meth_spec)
class Unknown:
def __eq__(self, other): return True
req = Request("http://example.com/")
r = o.open(req)
assert len(o.calls) == 2
calls = [(handlers[0], "http_open", (req,)),
(handlers[2], "http_error_302",
(req, Unknown(), 302, "", {}))]
for expected, got in zip(calls, o.calls):
handler, method_name, args = expected
self.assertEqual((handler, method_name), got[:2])
self.assertEqual(args, got[2])
def test_processors(self):
# *_request / *_response methods get called appropriately
o = OpenerDirector()
meth_spec = [
[("http_request", "return request"),
("http_response", "return response")],
[("http_request", "return request"),
("http_response", "return response")],
]
handlers = add_ordered_mock_handlers(o, meth_spec)
req = Request("http://example.com/")
r = o.open(req)
# processor methods are called on *all* handlers that define them,
# not just the first handler that handles the request
calls = [
(handlers[0], "http_request"), (handlers[1], "http_request"),
(handlers[0], "http_response"), (handlers[1], "http_response")]
for i, (handler, name, args, kwds) in enumerate(o.calls):
if i < 2:
# *_request
self.assertEqual((handler, name), calls[i])
self.assertEqual(len(args), 1)
self.assertIsInstance(args[0], Request)
else:
# *_response
self.assertEqual((handler, name), calls[i])
self.assertEqual(len(args), 2)
self.assertIsInstance(args[0], Request)
# response from opener.open is None, because there's no
# handler that defines http_open to handle it
self.assertTrue(args[1] is None or
isinstance(args[1], MockResponse))
def sanepathname2url(path):
import urllib
urlpath = urllib.pathname2url(path)
if os.name == "nt" and urlpath.startswith("///"):
urlpath = urlpath[2:]
# XXX don't ask me about the mac...
return urlpath
class HandlerTests(unittest.TestCase):
def test_ftp(self):
class MockFTPWrapper:
def __init__(self, data): self.data = data
def retrfile(self, filename, filetype):
self.filename, self.filetype = filename, filetype
return StringIO.StringIO(self.data), len(self.data)
def close(self): pass
class NullFTPHandler(urllib2.FTPHandler):
def __init__(self, data): self.data = data
def connect_ftp(self, user, passwd, host, port, dirs,
timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
self.user, self.passwd = user, passwd
self.host, self.port = host, port
self.dirs = dirs
self.ftpwrapper = MockFTPWrapper(self.data)
return self.ftpwrapper
import ftplib
data = "rheum rhaponicum"
h = NullFTPHandler(data)
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
for url, host, port, user, passwd, type_, dirs, filename, mimetype in [
("ftp://localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
"localhost", ftplib.FTP_PORT, "", "", "I",
["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
("ftp://parrot@localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
"localhost", ftplib.FTP_PORT, "parrot", "", "I",
["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
("ftp://%25parrot@localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
"localhost", ftplib.FTP_PORT, "%parrot", "", "I",
["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
("ftp://%2542parrot@localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
"localhost", ftplib.FTP_PORT, "%42parrot", "", "I",
["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
("ftp://localhost:80/foo/bar/",
"localhost", 80, "", "", "D",
["foo", "bar"], "", None),
("ftp://localhost/baz.gif;type=a",
"localhost", ftplib.FTP_PORT, "", "", "A",
[], "baz.gif", None), # XXX really this should guess image/gif
]:
req = Request(url)
req.timeout = None
r = h.ftp_open(req)
# ftp authentication not yet implemented by FTPHandler
self.assertEqual(h.user, user)
self.assertEqual(h.passwd, passwd)
self.assertEqual(h.host, socket.gethostbyname(host))
self.assertEqual(h.port, port)
self.assertEqual(h.dirs, dirs)
self.assertEqual(h.ftpwrapper.filename, filename)
self.assertEqual(h.ftpwrapper.filetype, type_)
headers = r.info()
self.assertEqual(headers.get("Content-type"), mimetype)
self.assertEqual(int(headers["Content-length"]), len(data))
def test_file(self):
import rfc822, socket
h = urllib2.FileHandler()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
TESTFN = test_support.TESTFN
urlpath = sanepathname2url(os.path.abspath(TESTFN))
towrite = "hello, world\n"
urls = [
"file://localhost%s" % urlpath,
"file://%s" % urlpath,
"file://%s%s" % (socket.gethostbyname('localhost'), urlpath),
]
try:
localaddr = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
except socket.gaierror:
localaddr = ''
if localaddr:
urls.append("file://%s%s" % (localaddr, urlpath))
for url in urls:
f = open(TESTFN, "wb")
try:
try:
f.write(towrite)
finally:
f.close()
r = h.file_open(Request(url))
try:
data = r.read()
headers = r.info()
respurl = r.geturl()
finally:
r.close()
stats = os.stat(TESTFN)
modified = rfc822.formatdate(stats.st_mtime)
finally:
os.remove(TESTFN)
self.assertEqual(data, towrite)
self.assertEqual(headers["Content-type"], "text/plain")
self.assertEqual(headers["Content-length"], "13")
self.assertEqual(headers["Last-modified"], modified)
self.assertEqual(respurl, url)
for url in [
"file://localhost:80%s" % urlpath,
"file:///file_does_not_exist.txt",
"file://%s:80%s/%s" % (socket.gethostbyname('localhost'),
os.getcwd(), TESTFN),
"file://somerandomhost.ontheinternet.com%s/%s" %
(os.getcwd(), TESTFN),
]:
try:
f = open(TESTFN, "wb")
try:
f.write(towrite)
finally:
f.close()
self.assertRaises(urllib2.URLError,
h.file_open, Request(url))
finally:
os.remove(TESTFN)
h = urllib2.FileHandler()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
# XXXX why does // mean ftp (and /// mean not ftp!), and where
# is file: scheme specified? I think this is really a bug, and
# what was intended was to distinguish between URLs like:
# file:/blah.txt (a file)
# file://localhost/blah.txt (a file)
# file:///blah.txt (a file)
# file://ftp.example.com/blah.txt (an ftp URL)
for url, ftp in [
("file://ftp.example.com//foo.txt", True),
("file://ftp.example.com///foo.txt", False),
# XXXX bug: fails with OSError, should be URLError
("file://ftp.example.com/foo.txt", False),
("file://somehost//foo/something.txt", True),
("file://localhost//foo/something.txt", False),
]:
req = Request(url)
try:
h.file_open(req)
# XXXX remove OSError when bug fixed
except (urllib2.URLError, OSError):
self.assertTrue(not ftp)
else:
self.assertTrue(o.req is req)
self.assertEqual(req.type, "ftp")
self.assertEqual(req.type == "ftp", ftp)
def test_http(self):
h = urllib2.AbstractHTTPHandler()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
url = "http://example.com/"
for method, data in [("GET", None), ("POST", "blah")]:
req = Request(url, data, {"Foo": "bar"})
req.timeout = None
req.add_unredirected_header("Spam", "eggs")
http = MockHTTPClass()
r = h.do_open(http, req)
# result attributes
r.read; r.readline # wrapped MockFile methods
r.info; r.geturl # addinfourl methods
r.code, r.msg == 200, "OK" # added from MockHTTPClass.getreply()
hdrs = r.info()
hdrs.get; hdrs.has_key # r.info() gives dict from .getreply()
self.assertEqual(r.geturl(), url)
self.assertEqual(http.host, "example.com")
self.assertEqual(http.level, 0)
self.assertEqual(http.method, method)
self.assertEqual(http.selector, "/")
self.assertEqual(http.req_headers,
[("Connection", "close"),
("Foo", "bar"), ("Spam", "eggs")])
self.assertEqual(http.data, data)
# check socket.error converted to URLError
http.raise_on_endheaders = True
self.assertRaises(urllib2.URLError, h.do_open, http, req)
# check adding of standard headers
o.addheaders = [("Spam", "eggs")]
for data in "", None: # POST, GET
req = Request("http://example.com/", data)
r = MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
newreq = h.do_request_(req)
if data is None: # GET
self.assertNotIn("Content-length", req.unredirected_hdrs)
self.assertNotIn("Content-type", req.unredirected_hdrs)
else: # POST
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Content-length"], "0")
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Content-type"],
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
# XXX the details of Host could be better tested
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Host"], "example.com")
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Spam"], "eggs")
# don't clobber existing headers
req.add_unredirected_header("Content-length", "foo")
req.add_unredirected_header("Content-type", "bar")
req.add_unredirected_header("Host", "baz")
req.add_unredirected_header("Spam", "foo")
newreq = h.do_request_(req)
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Content-length"], "foo")
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Content-type"], "bar")
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Host"], "baz")
self.assertEqual(req.unredirected_hdrs["Spam"], "foo")
def test_http_doubleslash(self):
# Checks that the presence of an unnecessary double slash in a url doesn't break anything
# Previously, a double slash directly after the host could cause incorrect parsing of the url
h = urllib2.AbstractHTTPHandler()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
data = ""
ds_urls = [
"http://example.com/foo/bar/baz.html",
"http://example.com//foo/bar/baz.html",
"http://example.com/foo//bar/baz.html",
"http://example.com/foo/bar//baz.html",
]
for ds_url in ds_urls:
ds_req = Request(ds_url, data)
# Check whether host is determined correctly if there is no proxy
np_ds_req = h.do_request_(ds_req)
self.assertEqual(np_ds_req.unredirected_hdrs["Host"],"example.com")
# Check whether host is determined correctly if there is a proxy
ds_req.set_proxy("someproxy:3128",None)
p_ds_req = h.do_request_(ds_req)
self.assertEqual(p_ds_req.unredirected_hdrs["Host"],"example.com")
def test_fixpath_in_weirdurls(self):
# Issue4493: urllib2 to supply '/' when to urls where path does not
# start with'/'
h = urllib2.AbstractHTTPHandler()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
weird_url = 'http://www.python.org?getspam'
req = Request(weird_url)
newreq = h.do_request_(req)
self.assertEqual(newreq.get_host(),'www.python.org')
self.assertEqual(newreq.get_selector(),'/?getspam')
url_without_path = 'http://www.python.org'
req = Request(url_without_path)
newreq = h.do_request_(req)
self.assertEqual(newreq.get_host(),'www.python.org')
self.assertEqual(newreq.get_selector(),'')
def test_errors(self):
h = urllib2.HTTPErrorProcessor()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
url = "http://example.com/"
req = Request(url)
# all 2xx are passed through
r = MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "", url)
newr = h.http_response(req, r)
self.assertTrue(r is newr)
self.assertTrue(not hasattr(o, "proto")) # o.error not called
r = MockResponse(202, "Accepted", {}, "", url)
newr = h.http_response(req, r)
self.assertTrue(r is newr)
self.assertTrue(not hasattr(o, "proto")) # o.error not called
r = MockResponse(206, "Partial content", {}, "", url)
newr = h.http_response(req, r)
self.assertTrue(r is newr)
self.assertTrue(not hasattr(o, "proto")) # o.error not called
# anything else calls o.error (and MockOpener returns None, here)
r = MockResponse(502, "Bad gateway", {}, "", url)
self.assertTrue(h.http_response(req, r) is None)
self.assertEqual(o.proto, "http") # o.error called
self.assertEqual(o.args, (req, r, 502, "Bad gateway", {}))
def test_cookies(self):
cj = MockCookieJar()
h = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj)
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
req = Request("http://example.com/")
r = MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
newreq = h.http_request(req)
self.assertTrue(cj.ach_req is req is newreq)
self.assertEqual(req.get_origin_req_host(), "example.com")
self.assertTrue(not req.is_unverifiable())
newr = h.http_response(req, r)
self.assertTrue(cj.ec_req is req)
self.assertTrue(cj.ec_r is r is newr)
def test_redirect(self):
from_url = "http://example.com/a.html"
to_url = "http://example.com/b.html"
h = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
# ordinary redirect behaviour
for code in 301, 302, 303, 307:
for data in None, "blah\nblah\n":
method = getattr(h, "http_error_%s" % code)
req = Request(from_url, data)
req.add_header("Nonsense", "viking=withhold")
req.timeout = socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
if data is not None:
req.add_header("Content-Length", str(len(data)))
req.add_unredirected_header("Spam", "spam")
try:
method(req, MockFile(), code, "Blah",
MockHeaders({"location": to_url}))
except urllib2.HTTPError:
# 307 in response to POST requires user OK
self.assertTrue(code == 307 and data is not None)
self.assertEqual(o.req.get_full_url(), to_url)
try:
self.assertEqual(o.req.get_method(), "GET")
except AttributeError:
self.assertTrue(not o.req.has_data())
# now it's a GET, there should not be headers regarding content
# (possibly dragged from before being a POST)
headers = [x.lower() for x in o.req.headers]
self.assertNotIn("content-length", headers)
self.assertNotIn("content-type", headers)
self.assertEqual(o.req.headers["Nonsense"],
"viking=withhold")
self.assertNotIn("Spam", o.req.headers)
self.assertNotIn("Spam", o.req.unredirected_hdrs)
# loop detection
req = Request(from_url)
req.timeout = socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
def redirect(h, req, url=to_url):
h.http_error_302(req, MockFile(), 302, "Blah",
MockHeaders({"location": url}))
# Note that the *original* request shares the same record of
# redirections with the sub-requests caused by the redirections.
# detect infinite loop redirect of a URL to itself
req = Request(from_url, origin_req_host="example.com")
count = 0
req.timeout = socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
try:
while 1:
redirect(h, req, "http://example.com/")
count = count + 1
except urllib2.HTTPError:
# don't stop until max_repeats, because cookies may introduce state
self.assertEqual(count, urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler.max_repeats)
# detect endless non-repeating chain of redirects
req = Request(from_url, origin_req_host="example.com")
count = 0
req.timeout = socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
try:
while 1:
redirect(h, req, "http://example.com/%d" % count)
count = count + 1
except urllib2.HTTPError:
self.assertEqual(count,
urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler.max_redirections)
def test_invalid_redirect(self):
from_url = "http://example.com/a.html"
valid_schemes = ['http', 'https', 'ftp']
invalid_schemes = ['file', 'imap', 'ldap']
schemeless_url = "example.com/b.html"
h = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler()
o = h.parent = MockOpener()
req = Request(from_url)
req.timeout = socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
for scheme in invalid_schemes:
invalid_url = scheme + '://' + schemeless_url
self.assertRaises(urllib2.HTTPError, h.http_error_302,
req, MockFile(), 302, "Security Loophole",
MockHeaders({"location": invalid_url}))
for scheme in valid_schemes:
valid_url = scheme + '://' + schemeless_url
h.http_error_302(req, MockFile(), 302, "That's fine",
MockHeaders({"location": valid_url}))
self.assertEqual(o.req.get_full_url(), valid_url)
def test_cookie_redirect(self):
# cookies shouldn't leak into redirected requests
from cookielib import CookieJar
from test.test_cookielib import interact_netscape
cj = CookieJar()
interact_netscape(cj, "http://www.example.com/", "spam=eggs")
hh = MockHTTPHandler(302, "Location: http://www.cracker.com/\r\n\r\n")
hdeh = urllib2.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler()
hrh = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler()
cp = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj)
o = build_test_opener(hh, hdeh, hrh, cp)
o.open("http://www.example.com/")
self.assertTrue(not hh.req.has_header("Cookie"))
def test_redirect_fragment(self):
redirected_url = 'http://www.example.com/index.html#OK\r\n\r\n'
hh = MockHTTPHandler(302, 'Location: ' + redirected_url)
hdeh = urllib2.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler()
hrh = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler()
o = build_test_opener(hh, hdeh, hrh)
fp = o.open('http://www.example.com')
self.assertEqual(fp.geturl(), redirected_url.strip())
def test_proxy(self):
o = OpenerDirector()
ph = urllib2.ProxyHandler(dict(http="proxy.example.com:3128"))
o.add_handler(ph)
meth_spec = [
[("http_open", "return response")]
]
handlers = add_ordered_mock_handlers(o, meth_spec)
req = Request("http://acme.example.com/")
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "acme.example.com")
r = o.open(req)
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "proxy.example.com:3128")
self.assertEqual([(handlers[0], "http_open")],
[tup[0:2] for tup in o.calls])
def test_proxy_no_proxy(self):
os.environ['no_proxy'] = 'python.org'
o = OpenerDirector()
ph = urllib2.ProxyHandler(dict(http="proxy.example.com"))
o.add_handler(ph)
req = Request("http://www.perl.org/")
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "www.perl.org")
r = o.open(req)
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "proxy.example.com")
req = Request("http://www.python.org")
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "www.python.org")
r = o.open(req)
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "www.python.org")
del os.environ['no_proxy']
def test_proxy_https(self):
o = OpenerDirector()
ph = urllib2.ProxyHandler(dict(https='proxy.example.com:3128'))
o.add_handler(ph)
meth_spec = [
[("https_open","return response")]
]
handlers = add_ordered_mock_handlers(o, meth_spec)
req = Request("https://www.example.com/")
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "www.example.com")
r = o.open(req)
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "proxy.example.com:3128")
self.assertEqual([(handlers[0], "https_open")],
[tup[0:2] for tup in o.calls])
def test_proxy_https_proxy_authorization(self):
o = OpenerDirector()
ph = urllib2.ProxyHandler(dict(https='proxy.example.com:3128'))
o.add_handler(ph)
https_handler = MockHTTPSHandler()
o.add_handler(https_handler)
req = Request("https://www.example.com/")
req.add_header("Proxy-Authorization","FooBar")
req.add_header("User-Agent","Grail")
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "www.example.com")
self.assertIsNone(req._tunnel_host)
r = o.open(req)
# Verify Proxy-Authorization gets tunneled to request.
# httpsconn req_headers do not have the Proxy-Authorization header but
# the req will have.
self.assertNotIn(("Proxy-Authorization","FooBar"),
https_handler.httpconn.req_headers)
self.assertIn(("User-Agent","Grail"),
https_handler.httpconn.req_headers)
self.assertIsNotNone(req._tunnel_host)
self.assertEqual(req.get_host(), "proxy.example.com:3128")
self.assertEqual(req.get_header("Proxy-authorization"),"FooBar")
def test_basic_auth(self, quote_char='"'):
opener = OpenerDirector()
password_manager = MockPasswordManager()
auth_handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager)
realm = "ACME Widget Store"
http_handler = MockHTTPHandler(
401, 'WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm=%s%s%s\r\n\r\n' %
(quote_char, realm, quote_char) )
opener.add_handler(auth_handler)
opener.add_handler(http_handler)
self._test_basic_auth(opener, auth_handler, "Authorization",
realm, http_handler, password_manager,
"http://acme.example.com/protected",
"http://acme.example.com/protected"
)
def test_basic_auth_with_single_quoted_realm(self):
self.test_basic_auth(quote_char="'")
def test_basic_auth_with_unquoted_realm(self):
opener = OpenerDirector()
password_manager = MockPasswordManager()
auth_handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager)
realm = "ACME Widget Store"
http_handler = MockHTTPHandler(
401, 'WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm=%s\r\n\r\n' % realm)
opener.add_handler(auth_handler)
opener.add_handler(http_handler)
msg = "Basic Auth Realm was unquoted"
with test_support.check_warnings((msg, UserWarning)):
self._test_basic_auth(opener, auth_handler, "Authorization",
realm, http_handler, password_manager,
"http://acme.example.com/protected",
"http://acme.example.com/protected"
)
def test_proxy_basic_auth(self):
opener = OpenerDirector()
ph = urllib2.ProxyHandler(dict(http="proxy.example.com:3128"))
opener.add_handler(ph)
password_manager = MockPasswordManager()
auth_handler = urllib2.ProxyBasicAuthHandler(password_manager)
realm = "ACME Networks"
http_handler = MockHTTPHandler(
407, 'Proxy-Authenticate: Basic realm="%s"\r\n\r\n' % realm)
opener.add_handler(auth_handler)
opener.add_handler(http_handler)
self._test_basic_auth(opener, auth_handler, "Proxy-authorization",
realm, http_handler, password_manager,
"http://acme.example.com:3128/protected",
"proxy.example.com:3128",
)
def test_basic_and_digest_auth_handlers(self):
# HTTPDigestAuthHandler raised an exception if it couldn't handle a 40*
# response (http://python.org/sf/1479302), where it should instead
# return None to allow another handler (especially
# HTTPBasicAuthHandler) to handle the response.
# Also (http://python.org/sf/14797027, RFC 2617 section 1.2), we must
# try digest first (since it's the strongest auth scheme), so we record
# order of calls here to check digest comes first:
class RecordingOpenerDirector(OpenerDirector):
def __init__(self):
OpenerDirector.__init__(self)
self.recorded = []
def record(self, info):
self.recorded.append(info)
class TestDigestAuthHandler(urllib2.HTTPDigestAuthHandler):
def http_error_401(self, *args, **kwds):
self.parent.record("digest")
urllib2.HTTPDigestAuthHandler.http_error_401(self,
*args, **kwds)
class TestBasicAuthHandler(urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler):
def http_error_401(self, *args, **kwds):
self.parent.record("basic")
urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler.http_error_401(self,
*args, **kwds)
opener = RecordingOpenerDirector()
password_manager = MockPasswordManager()
digest_handler = TestDigestAuthHandler(password_manager)
basic_handler = TestBasicAuthHandler(password_manager)
realm = "ACME Networks"
http_handler = MockHTTPHandler(
401, 'WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="%s"\r\n\r\n' % realm)
opener.add_handler(basic_handler)
opener.add_handler(digest_handler)
opener.add_handler(http_handler)
# check basic auth isn't blocked by digest handler failing
self._test_basic_auth(opener, basic_handler, "Authorization",
realm, http_handler, password_manager,
"http://acme.example.com/protected",
"http://acme.example.com/protected",
)
# check digest was tried before basic (twice, because
# _test_basic_auth called .open() twice)
self.assertEqual(opener.recorded, ["digest", "basic"]*2)
def _test_basic_auth(self, opener, auth_handler, auth_header,
realm, http_handler, password_manager,
request_url, protected_url):
import base64
user, password = "wile", "coyote"
# .add_password() fed through to password manager
auth_handler.add_password(realm, request_url, user, password)
self.assertEqual(realm, password_manager.realm)
self.assertEqual(request_url, password_manager.url)
self.assertEqual(user, password_manager.user)
self.assertEqual(password, password_manager.password)
r = opener.open(request_url)
# should have asked the password manager for the username/password
self.assertEqual(password_manager.target_realm, realm)
self.assertEqual(password_manager.target_url, protected_url)
# expect one request without authorization, then one with
self.assertEqual(len(http_handler.requests), 2)
self.assertFalse(http_handler.requests[0].has_header(auth_header))
userpass = '%s:%s' % (user, password)
auth_hdr_value = 'Basic '+base64.encodestring(userpass).strip()
self.assertEqual(http_handler.requests[1].get_header(auth_header),
auth_hdr_value)
self.assertEqual(http_handler.requests[1].unredirected_hdrs[auth_header],
auth_hdr_value)
# if the password manager can't find a password, the handler won't
# handle the HTTP auth error
password_manager.user = password_manager.password = None
http_handler.reset()
r = opener.open(request_url)
self.assertEqual(len(http_handler.requests), 1)
self.assertFalse(http_handler.requests[0].has_header(auth_header))
class MiscTests(unittest.TestCase, FakeHTTPMixin):
def test_build_opener(self):
class MyHTTPHandler(urllib2.HTTPHandler): pass
class FooHandler(urllib2.BaseHandler):
def foo_open(self): pass
class BarHandler(urllib2.BaseHandler):
def bar_open(self): pass
build_opener = urllib2.build_opener
o = build_opener(FooHandler, BarHandler)
self.opener_has_handler(o, FooHandler)
self.opener_has_handler(o, BarHandler)
# can take a mix of classes and instances
o = build_opener(FooHandler, BarHandler())
self.opener_has_handler(o, FooHandler)
self.opener_has_handler(o, BarHandler)
# subclasses of default handlers override default handlers
o = build_opener(MyHTTPHandler)
self.opener_has_handler(o, MyHTTPHandler)
# a particular case of overriding: default handlers can be passed
# in explicitly
o = build_opener()
self.opener_has_handler(o, urllib2.HTTPHandler)
o = build_opener(urllib2.HTTPHandler)
self.opener_has_handler(o, urllib2.HTTPHandler)
o = build_opener(urllib2.HTTPHandler())
self.opener_has_handler(o, urllib2.HTTPHandler)
# Issue2670: multiple handlers sharing the same base class
class MyOtherHTTPHandler(urllib2.HTTPHandler): pass
o = build_opener(MyHTTPHandler, MyOtherHTTPHandler)
self.opener_has_handler(o, MyHTTPHandler)
self.opener_has_handler(o, MyOtherHTTPHandler)
def opener_has_handler(self, opener, handler_class):
for h in opener.handlers:
if h.__class__ == handler_class:
break
else:
self.assertTrue(False)
@unittest.skipUnless(ssl, "ssl module required")
def test_url_with_control_char_rejected(self):
for char_no in range(0, 0x21) + range(0x7f, 0x100):
char = chr(char_no)
schemeless_url = "//localhost:7777/test%s/" % char
self.fakehttp(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\nHello.")
try:
# We explicitly test urllib.request.urlopen() instead of the top
# level 'def urlopen()' function defined in this... (quite ugly)
# test suite. They use different url opening codepaths. Plain
# urlopen uses FancyURLOpener which goes via a codepath that
# calls urllib.parse.quote() on the URL which makes all of the
# above attempts at injection within the url _path_ safe.
escaped_char_repr = repr(char).replace('\\', r'\\')
InvalidURL = httplib.InvalidURL
with self.assertRaisesRegexp(
InvalidURL, "contain control.*" + escaped_char_repr):
urllib2.urlopen("http:" + schemeless_url)
with self.assertRaisesRegexp(
InvalidURL, "contain control.*" + escaped_char_repr):
urllib2.urlopen("https:" + schemeless_url)
finally:
self.unfakehttp()
@unittest.skipUnless(ssl, "ssl module required")
def test_url_with_newline_header_injection_rejected(self):
self.fakehttp(b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\nHello.")
host = "localhost:7777?a=1 HTTP/1.1\r\nX-injected: header\r\nTEST: 123"
schemeless_url = "//" + host + ":8080/test/?test=a"
try:
# We explicitly test urllib2.urlopen() instead of the top
# level 'def urlopen()' function defined in this... (quite ugly)
# test suite. They use different url opening codepaths. Plain
# urlopen uses FancyURLOpener which goes via a codepath that
# calls urllib.parse.quote() on the URL which makes all of the
# above attempts at injection within the url _path_ safe.
InvalidURL = httplib.InvalidURL
with self.assertRaisesRegexp(
InvalidURL, r"contain control.*\\r.*(found at least . .)"):
urllib2.urlopen("http:" + schemeless_url)
with self.assertRaisesRegexp(InvalidURL, r"contain control.*\\n"):
urllib2.urlopen("https:" + schemeless_url)
finally:
self.unfakehttp()
class RequestTests(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.get = urllib2.Request("http://www.python.org/~jeremy/")
self.post = urllib2.Request("http://www.python.org/~jeremy/",
"data",
headers={"X-Test": "test"})
def test_method(self):
self.assertEqual("POST", self.post.get_method())
self.assertEqual("GET", self.get.get_method())
def test_add_data(self):
self.assertTrue(not self.get.has_data())
self.assertEqual("GET", self.get.get_method())
self.get.add_data("spam")
self.assertTrue(self.get.has_data())
self.assertEqual("POST", self.get.get_method())
def test_get_full_url(self):
self.assertEqual("http://www.python.org/~jeremy/",
self.get.get_full_url())
def test_selector(self):
self.assertEqual("/~jeremy/", self.get.get_selector())
req = urllib2.Request("http://www.python.org/")
self.assertEqual("/", req.get_selector())
def test_get_type(self):
self.assertEqual("http", self.get.get_type())
def test_get_host(self):
self.assertEqual("www.python.org", self.get.get_host())
def test_get_host_unquote(self):
req = urllib2.Request("http://www.%70ython.org/")
self.assertEqual("www.python.org", req.get_host())
def test_proxy(self):
self.assertTrue(not self.get.has_proxy())
self.get.set_proxy("www.perl.org", "http")
self.assertTrue(self.get.has_proxy())
self.assertEqual("www.python.org", self.get.get_origin_req_host())
self.assertEqual("www.perl.org", self.get.get_host())
def test_wrapped_url(self):
req = Request("<URL:http://www.python.org>")
self.assertEqual("www.python.org", req.get_host())
def test_url_fragment(self):
req = Request("http://www.python.org/?qs=query#fragment=true")
self.assertEqual("/?qs=query", req.get_selector())
req = Request("http://www.python.org/#fun=true")
self.assertEqual("/", req.get_selector())
# Issue 11703: geturl() omits fragment in the original URL.
url = 'http://docs.python.org/library/urllib2.html#OK'
req = Request(url)
self.assertEqual(req.get_full_url(), url)
def test_HTTPError_interface(self):
"""
Issue 13211 reveals that HTTPError didn't implement the URLError
interface even though HTTPError is a subclass of URLError.
>>> err = urllib2.HTTPError(msg='something bad happened', url=None, code=None, hdrs=None, fp=None)
>>> assert hasattr(err, 'reason')
>>> err.reason
'something bad happened'
"""
def test_HTTPError_interface_call(self):
"""
Issue 15701= - HTTPError interface has info method available from URLError.
"""
err = urllib2.HTTPError(msg='something bad happened', url=None,
code=None, hdrs='Content-Length:42', fp=None)
self.assertTrue(hasattr(err, 'reason'))
assert hasattr(err, 'reason')
assert hasattr(err, 'info')
assert callable(err.info)
try:
err.info()
except AttributeError:
self.fail("err.info() failed")
self.assertEqual(err.info(), "Content-Length:42")
def test_main(verbose=None):
from test import test_urllib2
test_support.run_doctest(test_urllib2, verbose)
test_support.run_doctest(urllib2, verbose)
tests = (TrivialTests,
OpenerDirectorTests,
HandlerTests,
MiscTests,
RequestTests)
test_support.run_unittest(*tests)
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_main(verbose=True)